When you turn on the key, the fuel pump should run for a few seconds. You can hear this if you listen by the tank and it should pressurize the fuel rail.
If you don't hear this or aren't seeing any pressure in the rail, you have to troubleshoot the problem. Using a test light, see if your pump is getting power when you first turn the key on. If it isn't then your problem is electrical. If it is, then your pump or fuel pressure regulator is bad.
An electrical problem could be your fuel pump, the pump wiring, the pump relay, the connectors, the fuse, the centrifugal pump shut-off switch (try resetting it) or the computer.
Since I think you say the truck eventually does run, I'd suspect the pressure regulator or a leaky injector is letting fuel pressure leak down, though in that case cranking it for a while should let it start.