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the following was copied from the service manuals
for the 2003 model year
Principles of Operation
The tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS) has the ability to monitor the air pressure of all five tires. The tire-mounted pressure sensors transmit signals to the TPMS module by using the valve stem as an antenna. These transmissions are sent approximately every 60 seconds when the vehicle speed exceeds 32 km/h (20 mph). The TPMS module compares each tire pressure sensor transmission against low and high pressure limits. If the TPMS module determines that the tire pressure has exceeded the limit, the TPMS module communicates on the SCP network to the vehicle message center, which then displays a warning message. The system is not affected by wheel and tire rotation.
for the 2004 thru 2010 model years
Principles of Operation
The tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS) monitors the air pressure of all four regular road tires. The tire-mounted pressure sensors transmit via radio frequency (RF) signals to the TPMS module, using the valve stem as an antenna. These transmissions are sent approximately every 60 seconds when the vehicle speed exceeds 32 km/h (20 mph). The TPMS module compares each tire pressure sensor transmission against a set of low-pressure limits. If the TPMS module determines that the tire pressure has fallen below these limits, the TPMS module communicates this on the SCP network to the vehicle's instrument cluster message center (if equipped), which then displays a warning message and the appropriate message center message. Vehicles without a message center have a continuously illuminated TPMS indicator in the instrument cluster.
for the 2003 model year
Principles of Operation
The tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS) has the ability to monitor the air pressure of all five tires. The tire-mounted pressure sensors transmit signals to the TPMS module by using the valve stem as an antenna. These transmissions are sent approximately every 60 seconds when the vehicle speed exceeds 32 km/h (20 mph). The TPMS module compares each tire pressure sensor transmission against low and high pressure limits. If the TPMS module determines that the tire pressure has exceeded the limit, the TPMS module communicates on the SCP network to the vehicle message center, which then displays a warning message. The system is not affected by wheel and tire rotation.
for the 2004 thru 2010 model years
Principles of Operation
The tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS) monitors the air pressure of all four regular road tires. The tire-mounted pressure sensors transmit via radio frequency (RF) signals to the TPMS module, using the valve stem as an antenna. These transmissions are sent approximately every 60 seconds when the vehicle speed exceeds 32 km/h (20 mph). The TPMS module compares each tire pressure sensor transmission against a set of low-pressure limits. If the TPMS module determines that the tire pressure has fallen below these limits, the TPMS module communicates this on the SCP network to the vehicle's instrument cluster message center (if equipped), which then displays a warning message and the appropriate message center message. Vehicles without a message center have a continuously illuminated TPMS indicator in the instrument cluster.